Shotokan is a form of Karate that was created by Gichin Funakoshi from a variety of Martial Systems. ( 1868 – 1957 ).
Karate or better : Karate-do, ” The way of the empty Hand “, is an art of self-defence in which the arms and legs are systematically trained, and an enemy attacking can be controlled by a demonstration of strength like that of using actual weapons.
Shotokan style karate has several advantages, including the ability to defend oneself, improved attention, higher self-esteem, better self-discipline, tranquility, and a more positive outlook on life. the development of character is the primary goal of Shotokan Karate training.
The Dojo Kun lists five philosophical rules for training in the Dojo : seek perfection of character, be faithful, endeavor to excel, respect others and refrain from violent behavior. These rules are called the FIVE MAXIMS OF KARATE.
Characteristics
The three components of Shotokan training are typically Kihon (basics), Kata (forms or patterns of movements), and Kumite (sparring).
Kihon (Basics)
Karate is built upon a strong foundation of basic moves that include specific stances, punches, blocks, and kicks. Proper body alignment and movement are emphasized, as are concentration and focus. During the practice of basics, the student learns stability, balance, proper technique, and the principles of body contraction and relaxation. Basics are practiced during every training session by the karate student of every level.
Kata (Forms)
Kata, the formal movements of karate, are its very essence. They are sequences of movements, which simulate attacks and defences against several imaginary enemies. Katas contain all the basic techniques and stances, which are necessary to attain rhythm and coordination. Each kata begins with a block to emphasize the use of karate strictly for self-defence. They can be roughly divided into two types: those which emphasize muscle strengthening and bodybuilding, and those that concentrate more on speed training and the development of lightning-fast reflexes.
Kumite (Sparring)
Kumite is a form used to apply offensive and defensive techniques practiced in the kata under the more realistic conditions in which, by prearrangement between the participants, one applies offensive and the other defensive techniques. In other words, where the practice of kata assumes imaginary opponents, Kumite is practiced with another karateka in alternating roles of defender and aggressor.
The essence of karate techniques is “kime”. The meaning of kime is an explosive attack the target using the best technique and maximum power and the shortest time possible.
